Double Marker Test: Purpose, Procedure, and Importance
It is commonly used to detect conditions like Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) and Edward’s syndrome (Trisomy 18).
The Double Marker Test is a prenatal screening test done during the first trimester of pregnancy to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the baby. It is commonly used to detect conditions like Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) and Edward’s syndrome (Trisomy 18).
This test measures two important markers in the mother's blood:
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Free Beta hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) – A hormone produced by the placenta.
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PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A) – A protein that supports fetal development.
Doctors often recommend this test along with NT (Nuchal Translucency) Scan to improve accuracy in detecting abnormalities.
Why is the Double Marker Test Important?
The Double Marker Test helps in:
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Assessing genetic disorders like Down syndrome and Edward’s syndrome.
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Early detection of potential pregnancy complications.
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Providing better pregnancy management if the baby has a higher risk of abnormalities.
Although this test does not provide a definitive diagnosis, it helps in identifying high-risk pregnancies that may need further testing.
Who Should Get the Double Marker Test?
The Double Marker Test is recommended for:
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Women aged above 35 years, as the risk of chromosomal abnormalities increases with age.
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Pregnant women with a family history of genetic disorders.
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Women who had previous pregnancy complications.
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Expecting mothers who have been exposed to radiation, harmful drugs, or infections.
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Women with diabetes or other medical conditions that may affect pregnancy.
How is the Double Marker Test Done?
The Double Marker Test is a simple blood test conducted at a diagnostic lab.
Procedure:
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A healthcare professional draws a small blood sample from the mother’s arm.
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The sample is analyzed to measure the levels of Beta hCG and PAPP-A.
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The results are usually available within 3-5 days.
This test is usually performed between 9 to 13 weeks of pregnancy.
Understanding the Test Results
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High hCG levels may indicate a higher risk of Down syndrome.
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Low PAPP-A levels may suggest a risk of chromosomal abnormalities.
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Normal levels indicate a lower risk of genetic disorders.
If the test results show an increased risk, doctors may suggest further tests like the Triple Marker Test, Quadruple Marker Test, or Amniocentesis for confirmation.
Conclusion
The Double Marker Test is an important screening tool during early pregnancy that helps in identifying chromosomal abnormalities and ensuring better pregnancy care. While it does not confirm any disorder, it provides valuable information to help doctors decide if additional tests are necessary. Pregnant women should discuss this test with their doctor for better prenatal care and a healthy baby.
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